Table 5 Disease and task characteristics that influence uncertainty, and their manifestations in different clinical scenarios
| Â | Â | Pace of disease evolution | Patient control over outcomes | Standardized versus customized | Routine versus non-routine | Work-sharing interdependency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical scenario | Preventive care | Less rapid or not applicable, leading to less immediate uncertainty | May influence whether they access care | More standardized, less uncertain | More routine | Not reliant on other tasks, less uncertainty |
Chronic disease management | Typically less rapid. Exacerbations may develop in acute, atypical ways | Typically high, requiring patient adherence and engagement | Standardized delivery of recommended chronic care. Exacerbation care may have standardized and customized elements | More routine chronic care, exacerbation care may be routine and non-routine | High interdependence among specialties and settings | |
Acute presentation of undiagnosed illness | Typically rapid | Lower | Workups may be mix of customized and standard, though some processes of care may be standard | Mixed | Multiple providers involved in care who are reliant on each other, many handoffs | |
Sub-acute rehabilitation | Typically slow, with need for vigilance for clinical change | Varies | Routine daily care | Mixed | Multiple providers and handoffs, but fewer than inpatient settings |