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Table 2 Studies examining the association between relationships and outcomes and their results

From: Manifestations and implications of uncertainty for improving healthcare systems: an analysis of observational and interventional studies grounded in complexity science

Observational studies

Study (PI)

Setting

Approach

Learning and Relationships in VA Primary Care Clinics (VA L&R, Pugh) [28]

19 Veteran Affairs primary care clinics in South Texas

N/A

Using Complexity Science to Understand Inpatient Microsystems (CS-IM, Leykum) [31],[32]

11 physician teams in two teaching hospitals in San Antonio

N/A

Interventional studies

Study to Enhance Prevention by Understanding Practice (STEP-UP, Stange) [25-27]

Randomized trial 77 primary care practices in Ohio

Facilitation to enable process improvement to improved delivery of preventive services

Using Learning Teams for Reflective Adaptation study (ULTRA, Crabtree) [4]

25 primary care practices

Facilitated reflective adaptive process to improve team communication and adherence to clinical guidelines

Enhancing Practice, Improving Care (EPIC, Nutting and Crabtree) [6]

40 primary care practices

Three-arm study: Practice facilitation and CQI approaches to improve team relationships and diabetes care versus usual care group

ABC study (Parchman) [29]

40 primary care clinics in South Texas

One-year practice facilitation to improve relationships and diabetes outcomes

Supporting Colorectal Cancer Outcomes through Participatory Enhancements (SCOPE, Nutting and Crabtree) [5]

23 primary care practices in New Jersey

Six-month practice facilitation/learning collaboratives to improve screening rates

CONNECT (Anderson) [30]

Eight community and VA nursing homes (four interventions, four controls)

Improve information sharing across disciplines coupled with standard falls prevention intervention