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Table 2 Final questionnaire

From: Measuring determinants of implementation behavior: psychometric properties of a questionnaire based on the theoretical domains framework

Domains

Constructs

Items

Source

D1

Knowledge

Knowledge (1)

I know how to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Amemori et al. [37]

  

Role clarity (3)

Objectives of [PA intervention] and my role in this are clearly defined for me.

Adapted from Wännström [66]

   

With regard to [PA intervention], I know what my responsibilities are.

 
   

In my work with [PA intervention], I know exactly what is expected from me.

 

D2

Skills

Skills (3)

I have been trained in delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

New items

   

I have the skills to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
   

I am practiced to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 

D3

Social/professional role and identity

Professional role (3)

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is part of my work as a PT.

New items

   

As a PT, it is my job to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
   

It is my responsibility as a PT to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 

D4

Beliefs about capabilities

Self-efficacy (4)

I am confident that I can deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

I am confident that I can deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines even when other professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] do not do this.

 
   

I am confident that I can deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines even when there is little time.

 
   

I am confident that I can deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines even when participants are not motivated.

 
  

Perceived behavioral control (7)

I have control over delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Ajzen [41]

   

For me, delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is (very difficult – very easy).

 
   

For me, performing the intake is (very difficult – very easy).

 
   

For me, delivering the training program is (very difficult – very easy).

 
   

For me, performing the evaluation is (very difficult – very easy).

 
   

For me, giving attention to participant’s maintenance of PA behavior outside [PA intervention] is (very difficult – very easy).

 
   

For me, reporting about the [PA intervention] to the referring professional is (very difficult – very easy).

 

D5

Optimism

Optimism (3)

In my work as a PT, in uncertain times, I usually expect the best.

Adapted from Scheier et al. [48]

   

In my work as a PT, I’m always optimistic about the future.

 
   

In my work as a PT, overall, I expect more good things to happen than bad.

 

D6

Beliefs about consequences

Attitude (4)

For me, delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is (not useful at all – very useful).

Adapted from Ajzen [41]

   

For me, delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is (not worthwhile at all – very worthwhile).

 
   

For me, delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is (not pleasurable at all – very pleasurable).

 
   

For me, delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is (not interesting at all – very interesting).

 
  

Outcome expectancies (5)

If I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, [PA intervention] will be most effective.

Adapted from Bandura [42]

   

If I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, participants will appreciate this.

 
   

If I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, this will strengthen the collaboration with professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention].

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

If I deliver [PA intervention] following the Guidelines, I will feel satisfied.

 
   

If I deliver [PA intervention] following the Guidelines, it will help participants to be more physically active.

 
  

Reinforcement (3)

When I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, I get financial reimbursement.

New items

   

When I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, I get recognition from the work context.

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

When I deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines, I get recognition from participants.

 

D7

Intentions

Intention (3)

I intend to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines in the next three months.

Adapted from Ajzen [41]

   

I will definitely deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines in the next three months.

 
   

How strong is your intention to deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines in the next three months?

 

D8

Goals

Priority (2)

How often is working on something else on your agenda a higher priority than delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines?

New items

   

How often is working on something else on your agenda more urgent than delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines?

 

D9

Innovation

Innovation characteristics (5)

It is possible to tailor [PA intervention] to participants’ needs?

New items

   

It is possible to tailor [PA intervention] to professionals’ needs?

Content based on Rogers [11]

   

[PA intervention] costs little time to deliver.

 
   

[PA intervention] is compatible with daily practice.

 
   

[PA intervention] is simple to deliver.

 

D10

Socio-political context

Socio-political context (3)

Government and local authorities provide sufficient support to interventions such as [PA intervention].

New items

   

Insurance companies provide sufficient support to interventions such as [PA intervention].

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

PHC is sufficiently oriented towards prevention.

 

D11

Organization

Organizational resources and support (4)

In the organization I work, all necessary resources are available to deliver [PA intervention].

New items

   

I can count on support from the management of the organization I work in, when things get tough guidelines.

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

The management of the organization I work in is willing to listen to my problems with delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
   

The management of the organization I work in is helpful with delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 

D12

Patient

Patient characteristics (2)

Participants of [PA intervention] are motivated.

New items

   

Participants of [PA intervention] are positive about [PA intervention].

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

D13

Innovation strategy

Innovation strategies (7)

[Implementing organization] provides professionals with a training to deliver [PA intervention].

New items

   

[Implementing organization] provides the possibility to experience delivering [PA intervention] before professionals need to commit to it.

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

[Implementing organization] provides sufficient intervention materials.

 
   

[Implementing organization] provides assistance to professionals with delivering [PA intervention].

 
   

[Implementing organization] organizes intervision meetings for professionals.

 
   

[Implementing organization] provides sufficient financial reimbursement to professionals for [PA intervention] delivery.

 
   

[Implementing organization] provides insights into results of [PA intervention].

 

D14

Social influences

Subjective norm (2)

Most people who are important to me think that I should deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Ajzen [41]

   

Professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] think I should deliver [PA] intervention] following the guidelines.

 
  

Descriptive norm (2)

Professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] deliver [PA] intervention following the guidelines.

Adapted from Cialdini et al. [49]

   

Other professionals who work with [PA intervention] deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
  

Social support (3)

I can count on support from professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] when things get tough around delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Frese [45]

   

Professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] are willing to listen to my problems with delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
   

Professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] are helpful with delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 

D15

Positive emotions

Positive emotions (6)

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel optimistic.

Adapted from van Veldhoven et al. [44]

   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel comfortable.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel calm.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel relaxed.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel cheerful.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel elated.

 

D16

Negative emotions

Negative emotions (6)

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel nervous.

Adapted from van Veldhoven et al. [44]

   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel pessimistic.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel depressed.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel agitated.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel sad.

 
   

When I work with [PA intervention] I feel uncomfortable.

 

D17

Behavioral regulation

Action planning (3)

I have a clear plan of how I will deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

Adapted from Sniehotta et al. [47]

   

I have a clear plan under what circumstances I will deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
   

I have a clear plan when I will deliver [PA intervention] following the guidelines.

 
  

Coping planning (3)

I have a clear plan with regard to delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines when participants are not motivated.

Adapted from Sniehotta et al. [47]

   

I have a clear plan with regard to delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines when there is little time.

Content based on Huijg, van der Zouwe et al. [43] and Huijg, Gebhardt et al. [13]

   

I have a clear plan with regard to delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines when other professionals with whom I deliver [PA intervention] do not do this.

 

D18

Nature of the behaviors

Automaticity (4)

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I do automatically.

Gardner et al. [46]

   

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I do without having to consciously remember.

 
   

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I do without thinking.

 
   

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I start doing before I realize I am doing it.

 
  

Memory (2)

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I seldom forget.

New items

   

Delivering [PA intervention] following the guidelines is something I often forget.

 
  1. Note. PA: Physical activity; PT: Physical therapist; PHC: Primary healthcare.