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Table 1 Tentative ‘best practices’ when designing A&F interventions

From: No more ‘business as usual’ with audit and feedback interventions: towards an agenda for a reinvigorated intervention

Audit components

Data are valid

 

Data is based on recent performance

 

Data are about the individual/team’s own behavior(s)

 

Audit cycles are repeated, with new data presented over time

Feedback components

Presentation is multi-modal including either text and talking or text and graphical materials

 

Delivery comes from a trusted source

 

Feedback includes comparison data with relevant others

Nature of the behaviour change required

Targeted behavior is likely to be amenable to feedback

 

Recipients are capable and responsible for improvement

Targets, goals, and action plan

The target performance is provided

 

Goals set for the target behaviour are aligned with personal and organizational priorities

 

Goals for target behaviour are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound

 

A clear action plan is provided when discrepancies are evident