From: Guidelines for guideline developers: a systematic review of grading systems for medical tests
 | GRADE | NHMRC system | NICE DAP system |
---|---|---|---|
Evidence on accuracy | Using a considered judgment process, derive presumed PIO for the four accuracy groups: TP, TN. FP, FN | Evidence base aspects considered: | Diagnostic accuracy aspects considered: |
 | - Validity | ||
- Number of studies | - Inclusiveness of underlying data | ||
- Level of evidence | - Meta analysis techniques | ||
- Risk of bias | - Cut off points | ||
 | - Uncertainty of data | ||
Factors considered when moving to recommendations | Then consider: | Â | - |
- Quality of evidence gathered | Clinical impact: not explicitly explained | Clinical effectiveness: | |
- Patient’s values and preferences | Generalisibility: how well does the body of evidence match the the body of evidence match thepopulation and clinical setting being targeted by the guideline | - Nature and quality of evidence derived from expert, | |
- Costs | Applicability: is the evidence body relevant to the Australian healthcare context and culture | - Lay members and stakeholder judgments | |
- Benefits vs harms | Evidence base: | - Uncertainty of evidence and differences in evidence gathered under research conditions vs in actual | |
 | - Number of studies | - Clinical practice | |
 | - Level of evidence | - Greater benefits or harms in subgroups | |
 | - Risk of bias | - Risks and /or benefits of technology from patients perspective | |
 |  |  | - Position of technology in overall care pathway and available alternative treatments |
 |  | Consistency: not explicitly explained | Cost Effectiveness: |
 |  |  | - Impact on patient outcomes |
 |  |  | - Robustness and appropriateness of model |
 |  |  | - Plausibility of inputs and assumptions made in economic model |
 |  |  | - Evaluation of the modeling approach and related evidence effectiveness ratios (ICERs) generated by the models |
 |  |  | - Range and plausibility of the incremental cost- |
 |  |  | - Likelihood of decision error and consequences |
 |  |  | - Degree of clinical need of patients under consideration |
 |  |  | - Potential for long term benefits of innovation |