Theory | Focus | Key elements |
---|---|---|
Social learning theory [26] | Behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning. | – Demonstration, role modelling. |
– Encompasses attention, memory, and motivation. | ||
Social influence theory [27] | Social norm in a network determines what correct behaviour is. | – Norm and target setting. |
– Commitment team members. | ||
– Use of opinion leaders. | ||
– Performance feedback. | ||
– Team members address each other in case of undesirable behaviour. | ||
Orientation on team climate and willingness to change | – Team Vision: clarity, perceived value, and attainability. | |
– Participation Safety: decision-making, information sharing, interaction and safety. | ||
– Support for Innovation: articulated and enhanced support. | ||
– Task Orientation: commitment to excellence, appraisal and task orientation. | ||
Theories of leadership [30] | Leading, coaching and managing a team | – Active commitment/participation in performance improvement initiatives. |
– Setting norms and targets/direction/expectations. | ||
– Encouragement and support/motivate staff. | ||
– Monitoring performance and feedback. |