Table 2 Specification of two implementation strategies

Actor(s)

Clinician who is expert in the clinical innovation and recommended by the treatment developer.

A team of clinicians who are implementing the clinical innovation.

Action(s)

Provides clinical supervision via phone to answer questions, review case implementation, make suggestions, and provide encouragement.

Reflect on the implementation effort, share lessons learned, support learning, and propose changes to be implemented in small cycles of change.

Target(s) of the action

Clinicians newly trained in the innovation.

Clinicians newly trained in the innovation.

Knowledge about the innovation, skills to use the innovation, optimism that the innovation will be effective, and improved ability to access details about how to use the innovation without prompts.

Knowledge about how to use the innovation in this context, intentions to use the innovation, social influences.

Temporality

Clinical supervision should begin within one week following the end of didactic training.

First meeting should be within two weeks of initial training.

Dose

Once per week for 15 minutes for 12 weeks, plus follow-up booster sessions at 20 and 36 weeks.

Once monthly for one hour for the first six months.

Implementation outcome(s) affected

Uptake of the innovation, penetration among eligible clients/patients, fidelity to the protocol of the clinical innovation.

Uptake of the innovation, penetration among eligible clients/patients, fidelity to the protocol of the clinical innovation, sustainability of the innovation.

Justification

Research that suggests that post-training coaching is more important than quality or type of training received[70].

Cooperative learning theory[71].