Table 2 Coding of specific beliefs to identify relevant constructs and theories
[domain number] Relevant domain | Specific belief (ICU) | Construct (Coder A) | Construct (Coder B) | Construct (Coder C) | Agreement Summary | Relevant theories & models |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[1]] Knowledge | 1. I know about the TRICC Trial and other evidences | Knowledge about scientific rationale | Knowledge about scientific rationale | Knowledge | 2/3 | KAB model |
2. More evidence is required to support restrictive transfusion practice | Knowledge about scientific rationale | Knowledge about scientific rationale | Knowledge | 2/3 | ||
[[3]] Social/professional role and identity (self-standards) | 3. I don’t adhere to any guidelines | Professional identity/boundaries/role | Identity | (Intention and Goals[6]) | 0/3 | TPB |
4. I refer to evidence to guide my practice | Professional identity/boundaries/role | Identity | Professional role | 2/3 | ||
5. Watching and waiting is part of my professional standard | Social/group norms | Identity | Professional role | 0/3 | ||
6. I don’t feel constrained by guidelines as long as I have a good reason | Professional identity/boundaries/role | Professional identity/boundaries/role | Professional identity/boundaries/role | 3/3 | ||
7. Guidelines are important for other professionals not me | Professional identity/boundaries/role, Social/group norms | behavioural regulation[11] | Professional identity | 2/3 | ||
[[4]] Beliefs about capabilities (self-efficacy) | 8. I am confident that the ICU team can manage by watching & waiting | Self-confidence/professional confidence | Perceived behavioural control (team working[9]) | Self-efficacy | 0/3 | TPB & SCT |
9. I am confident provided that the patient is stable and in the ICU | Self-confidence/professional confidence | Control—of behaviour and material and social environment | Self-efficacy, Control—of behaviour and material and social environment | 2/3 | ||
10. I am in complete control to make decision to watch and wait | Perceived behavioural control | Perceived behavioural control | Perceived behavioural control | 3/3 | ||
11. I am confident to watch and wait | Self-confidence/professional confidence | Professional confidence | Self-efficacy | 2/3 | ||
[[5]] Beliefs about consequences (Anticipated outcomes/attitude) | Benefits of watching & waiting: | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancy, Attitude, Consequences | 3/3 | TPB & OLT |
12. Patients do better in general | ||||||
13. Reduce infection and harms | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancy, Attitude, Consequences | 3/3 | ||
14. It reduces cost and saves resources | Outcome expectancies, Incentives/rewards | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancy, Attitude, Consequences | 3/3 | ||
Disadvantage: | Outcome expectancies | Outcome expectancies, Anticipated regret | Outcome expectancies, Attitude, Consequences | 3/3 | ||
15. Patient’s condition can deteriorate | ||||||
16. It is more work | Outcome expectancies, Incentives/rewards | Incentives/rewards | Outcome expectancies, Attitude, Consequences | 2/3 | ||
[[6]] Motivation and goals (Intention) | 17. It is important to watch and wait | Intention | (more like a belief) | Intention, Certainty of intention | 2/3 | TPB, SCT & PPA |
18. Not as important as other things | Goal priority | Goal priority | Goal priority | 3/3 | ||
19. It conflicts with other goals | Goal priority | Goal priority | Goal priority, Certainty of intention | 3/3 | ||
20. It is generally compatible to the goals | Goal priority | Goal setting | Goal priority, Certainty of intention | 2/3 | ||
[[9]] Social influences (Norms) | 21. Some members of health care team are uncomfortable watching and waiting | Team working | Social comparisons | Social/group norms | 0/3 | TPB |
22. Other professionals (for example: physicians, surgeons, nurses, residents, fellows) do not influence me | Social/group norms | Group conformity | Social pressure, Subjective norms (i.e. the motivation to comply part of SN) | 2/3? | ||
23. Other professionals do (for example: clinicians, nurses, physiotherapists, hematologists, blood back staff, non-ICU staff) influence me | Social/group norms | Group conformity | Social pressure, Subjective norms (i.e. the motivation to comply part of SN) | 2/3? | ||
24. There is very little disagreement within my health care team | Group conformity, Team functioning | Group conformity | Group conformity | 3/3 | ||
25. Patients and family issue influence my practice (for example: Jehovah) | Social/group norms, Social pressure | Social group norms | Injunctive norms | 2/2 | ||
[[11]] Behavioural regulation | 26. Alternatives to transfusing include prescribing vitamins, iron, EPO, nutritional support and taking less blood for testing. | ? | Alternatives | Generating alternatives | 2/3? | AP & OLT |
27. Widely accepted Protocols or Guidelines or Standard of practice | ? | B/F (is this Barriers and facilitators?) | (Groups norms and group conformity[9]) | 0/3 | ||
28. Processes to educate health care team | ? | B/F | (Learning and modelling[9]) | 0/3 | ||
29. Increasing team communication | ? | B/F | (Team working[9]) | 0/3 | ||
30. Strong evidence | ? | B/F | (Knowledge[1]) | 0/3 | ||
31. Audit and feedback | ? | B/F | Self-monitoring, Feedback | 0/3 |