The organizational social context of mental health services and clinician attitudes toward evidence-based practice: a United States national study

Aarons, Gregory A; Glisson, Charles; Green, Phillip D; Hoagwood, Kimberly; Kelleher, Kelly J; Landsverk, John A

doi:10.1186/1748-5908-7-56

Implementation Science

Table 4 Hierarchical linear model analysis of total EBPAS total score

From: The organizational social context of mental health services and clinician attitudes toward evidence-based practice: a United States national study

Predictor	χ ² ( df )^a	b	SE	95% CI	T	df	p
Intercept		36.45 ^***	6.19	[48.75, 24.15]	5.89	88	0.000
Organizational Level
Rigid Culture		0.01	0.11	[0.23, -0.21]	0.09	88	0.933
Proficient Culture		0.23 ^*	0.11	[0.45, 0.01]	2.09	88	0.039
Resistant Culture		0.12	0.12	[0.36, -0.12]	1.00	88	0.320
Stressful Climate		−0.03	0.04	[0.05, -0.11]	−0.77	88	0.442
Engaged Climate		0.21	0.14	[0.49, -0.07]	1.49	88	0.140
Functional Climate		−0.14	0.09	[0.04, -0.32]	−1.47	88	0.146
Type of agency (reference group = public)	13.62^** (2)
For Profit		−4.79	2.49	[0.16, -9.74]	−1.93	88	0.057
Non Profit		1.04	0.78	[2.59, -0.51]	1.32	88	0.190
Service Structure (reference group = separate child division)	1.78 (2)
Child and Adult		0.19	0.82	[1.82, -1.44]	0.23	88	0.822
Child Only		−0.23	0.35	[0.47, -0.93]	−0.67	88	0.506
Individual Level
Female		0.81	0.58	[1.95, -0.33]	1.39	923	0.162
Education Level		0.10	0.31	[0.71, -0.51]	0.33	923	0.739
Years Experience		−0.18 ^***	0.03	[−0.12, -0.24]	−7.39	923	0.000
Rigid Culture	0.02	0.04	[0.10, -0.06]	0.38	923	0.701
Proficient Culture	0.13 ^***	0.04	[0.21, 0.05]	3.85	923	0.000
Resistant Culture	0.05	0.04	[0.13, -0.03]	1.41	923	0.158
Stressful Climate	0.05 ^*	0.02	[0.09, 0.01]	2.30	923	0.022
Engaged Climate	0.19 ^***	0.05	[0.29, 0.09]	3.81	923	0.000
Functional Climate	0.10 ^***	0.03	[0.16, 0.04]	3.31	923	0.001
Race/Ethnicity (reference group = Caucasian)	177.94^*** (5)
African American		−2.94 ^***	0.78	[−1.41, -4.47]	−3.78	923	0.000
Asian		1.68	1.83	[5.27, -1.91]	0.91	923	0.361
Hispanic		−0.97	0.98	[0.95, -2.89]	−0.98	923	0.326
Native American		4.22	6.56	[17.09, -8.65]	0.64	923	0.520
Other Race		−2.72 ^**	1.03	[−0.70, -4.74]	−2.63	923	0.009
Major (reference group = psychology)	40.63^*** (5)
Education		−0.01	0.92	[1.80, -1.82]	−0.01	923	0.990
Medical		−0.41	1.64	[2.81, -3.63]	−0.25	923	0.804
Nursing		−0.89	2.55	[4.11, -5.89]	−0.35	923	0.726
Social Work		1.77 ^**	0.58	[2.91, 0.63]	3.08	923	0.003
Other		−0.59	0.60	[0.59, -1.77]	−0.98	923	0.329
ICC (unconditional) = 0.06
Eta squared = 0.15^***
Organizational Variance Explained by Climate and Culture = 8.2%
Organizational Variance Explained by Full Model = 28.4%

Note: N = 1154; EBPAS = Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale; b = regression coefficient; SE = standard error; df = degrees of freedom; p = two-tailed significance level; OSC = Organizational Social Context; ICC = Intraclass correlation; ^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^*** p < 0.001.
Note: ^a Chi Square for each categorical variable calculated as difference in deviance statistics between models with and without parameters representing contrasts between categories that define the variable.

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ISSN: 1748-5908

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