From: A Guide for applying a revised version of the PARIHS framework for implementation
Element | Conceptual definitions | Related observations/tips | Measurement |
---|---|---|---|
Evidence & EBP Characteristics | Evidence = Specified sources of information relevant to a specific EBP, including research/published guidelines, clinical experience, patient experience, and/or local practice information. | As "evidence" is socially constructed [4], the perceptions of targeted stakeholders regarding the nature and quality of these varying sources of evidence are key to development of an implementation strategy. | Two quantitative measurement instruments have been developed that incorporate major components of PARIHS related to Evidence: ORCA [18] and a survey developed by Bahtsevani and colleagues [35]. |
 |    • These sources have presumably been subjected to scrutiny (e.g., by the research team or a national body) and are judged to support or refute effectiveness of a targeted EBP intervention/recommendation. |    • This includes perception of the form of the evidence-based clinical recommendation/intervention (i.e., the recommended practice as a guideline, policy, procedure, protocol, program, optional or forced function clinical reminder, decision algorithm, etc.). At times such transformed findings/"evidence" is supplemented with additional content based on the judgment or consensus of its creator (e.g., consider the mixed nature of various guidelines or protocols). | Sample qualitative diagnostic questions for use in task-oriented projects are listed for each element/sub-element and are, for the most part, based on adaptations of items from the Kitson et al. Appendix related to Evidence [5]. Their 2008 Appendix is said to outline "diagnostic and evaluative measures," but it is not a formal "tool." |
 | EBP Characteristics = Attributes describing the nature of the implementable form of the evidence/practice recommendation. |    • Perceptions of key stakeholders can be influenced by various attributes [7, 33] related to this EBP and its evidentiary source/s. |    • Initial, diagnostic evaluation is herein referenced as the first stage of an implementation project's formative evaluation [20]. |