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Table 3 Interaction workability qualitative data from parents' and practitioners' perspectives.

From: The applicability of normalisation process theory to speech and language therapy: a review of qualitative research on a speech and language intervention

 

Parent Perspective

SLT Perspective

Congruence

  

   Co-operation

Parents believe that the SLT will identify a problem in their child and treat it

Parents expect to have their expectations met

Parents are not sure how effective SLT intervention is

Parents have hopes and fears about having their child's difficulties identified

SLTs believe they will locate problems in the parents and that they will treat those problems

SLTs believe the intervention can be successful

SLTs believe that the intervention is not successful for all participants

SLTs believe that the intervention may highlight the chronicity of the child's difficulties for the parents

   Legitimacy

Parents expect SLT to work on a 1:1 basis with their child

Parents expect to follow advice from the SLT

Parents expect this to lead to change in their child

SLTs believe that the parents are the legitimate focus of the intervention SLTs expect parents to follow advice from SLT and change their interaction with their child

   Conduct

Parents expect to be able to have discussion

Parents value partnership approach in relation to child's speech/language impairment

Parents expect the SLT to help the child produce normal speech behaviours and they expect to be able to observe that happening in the SLT sessions

SLTs expect parents to follow their advice

SLTs expect to see demonstrable change in the parent using video examples in the sessions

Disposal

  

   Goals

Parents accept that the goal of the intervention is related to their interaction strategies with their child

SLTs believe that HPP helps them set joint goals with parents

SLTs adjust the components of the HPP intervention due to parental feedback/preference

   Meaning

Parents accept that they are the focus of the intervention and can recognise change in their interaction and they attribute this change to the HPP

SLTs believe that the HPP will lead to predicted changes in the parent and they can theorise that this will impact positively on the child, but they know that this has not always been demonstrated in research studies

   Outcomes

Parents would like to see outcomes in everyday activities and value an increase in normality in their child's behaviour

SLTs look for outcomes of the intervention in the verbal and non-verbal interaction between the parent and the child

  1. A complex intervention is disposed to normalisation if it confers an interactional advantage in flexibly accomplishing congruence and disposal
  2. Note HPP - Hanen Parent Programme