Table 3 Description of measures

Feasibility

Study recruitment, assessment completion, and treatment attendance rates

Acceptability

CSQ and postintervention focus groups. The CSQ is an eight-item questionnaire scored on a four-point Likert-type scale. Scores range from 8 to 32, with higher score indicating higher satisfaction [68]. The CSQ is available in English and Spanish [69] and has excellent internal consistency in Hispanics [70].

Patient activation

PAM-13, [71] a 13-item scale that assesses patients' knowledge, skills, and confidence about self-management. Scores range from 0 (no activation) to 100 (high activation). PAM-13 has strong psychometric properties, including content and construct validity [71], has been tested across a range of chronic illnesses [72, 73], and is available in English and Spanish.

Receipt of preventive primary care

PCARE study measure drawn from the USPSTF guidelines [74]. A total of 23 indicators are examined across four domains: (1) physical examinations, (2) screening tests, (3) vaccinations, and (4) education. Scored based on patients' medical records and self-report at baseline, three months, and six months. An aggregate preventive services score calculates the proportion of appropriate services obtained [18].

Health and mental health-related quality of life

SF-12 [75], a self-report measure available in English and Spanish and validated among adults with SMI that generates two summary scores for physical and mental health-related quality of life [76]. Summary scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting better health.

Covariates

Demographics: e.g., race/ethnicity, age, gender, education, and marital status Acculturation: nativity, language dominance, time in the United States, age of migration; the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale [77], a 24-item self-report measure that uses separate four-point scales to tap acculturation-related changes in two languages. Barriers to medical care: a list of 11 common factors that may prevent patients from seeking medical care [78, 79]. Comorbid medical conditions: a list of 17 common medical conditions by patient self-report.