Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice: identifying factors predictive of lumbar spine x-ray for low back pain in UK primary care practice

Table 3 Predicting behaviour by psychological theory: negative binomial regression analyses

Theory	Predictive Constructs	IRR Individual and p-value		IRR model
Theory of Planned	Intention	1.285	0.008	1.097
Behaviour	PBC direct	1.023	0.823	1.175
	PBC power	1.427	< 0.001	1.444**	R² = 0.004
Social Cognitive Theory	Risk perception	1.444	< 0.001	1.392**
	Outcome expectancies	1.019	0.080	1.001
	Self efficacy	1.363	0.019	1.110
	Generalised self efficacy	0.855	0.564	0.823	R² = 0.002
Implementation Intention		1. 111	0.138	1.111	R² = 0.000
Operant Learning Theory	Anticipated consequences	1.449	< 0.001	1.413**
	Evidence of habitual behaviour	1.089	0.179	1.017	R² = 0.004
Common Sense	Identity of condition	0.864	0.278	0.867
Self-regulation	Timeline acute	1.08	0.957	1.026
Model	Timeline cyclical	1.187	0.196	1.273
	Control - by treatment	1.105	0.970	1.170
	Control - by patient	0.869	0.142	0.725*
	Control - by doctor	0.936	0.524	1.064
	Cause - stress	1.191	0.370	0.519
	Cause - family problems	1.345	0.130	2.526
	Cause - poor prior medical care	1.403	0.134	1.70*
	Cause - patient's own behaviour	0.897	0.581	0.592*
	Cause - ageing	1.609	0.028	1.671*
	Cause - bad luck	0.712	0.080	0.759
	Cause - overwork	0.878	0.502	0.969
	Consequence	1.006	0.902	1.060
	Emotional Response	0.962	0.699	1.005
	Coherence	1.231	0.046	1.171	R² = 0.000
Precaution Adoption Process		0.871	0.599	0.871	R² = 0.000
Knowledge		0.859	0.104	0.859	R² = 0.000

*p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001.
Alpha = Cronbach's; IRR Individual = incidence rate ratio from a regression model with the single construct independent variable IRR Model = incidence rate ratio from the theoretical model with all constructs included as independent variables. R² is MacFadden's adjusted R².

ISSN: 1748-5908