Table 2 Demographic Characteristics of Participants at Baseline

Age in Years (mean ± sd; n = 1,026)

56.9 ± 12.1

56.7 ± 11.5

57.0 ± 12.8

0.72

Age ≥ 65 Years (%; n = 1,026)

26.5

26.8

26.2

0.85

Gender (%; n = 1,014)

   Female

71.6

69.3

74.0

0.10

Ethnicity (%; n = 953)

   Non-Hispanic

93.3

94.3

92.2

0.21

   Hispanic

6.7

5.7

7.8

Place of Birth (%; n = 941)

   USA

74.60

76.4

72.6

0.18

   Non-USA

25.40

23.6

27.4

Marital Status (%; n = 953)

   Separated/Divorced/Widowed

44.7

48.0

41.3

0.07

   Married

25.8

25.5

26.1

   Never married

29.5

26.5

32.6

Education Level (%; n = 956)

   ≥ High School

62.4

59.9

65.2

0.14

   < High School

36.9

39.7

34.0

   None

0.6

0.4

0.9

Employment Status (%; n = 944)

   Not employed

11.0

12.3

9.6

0.15

   Retired or Homemaker

55.2

57.1

53.2

   Employed: Part-time

13.6

12.1

15.1

   Employed: Full-time

20.2

18.5

22.1

Income (%; n = 940)

   < $20,000/year

72.4

78.6

65.8

< 0.01**

   ≥ $20,000/year

27.6

21.4

34.2

Insurance Status (%; n = 917)

   Medicaid

35.9

38.7

32.9

< 0.01**

   Medicare

12.6

12.6

12.8

   Medicaid and Medicare

5.5

6.4

4.5

   Private/HMO

19.0

13.8

24.4

   None

7.4

11.3

3.4

   Other#

19.6

17.2

22.1