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Table 3 Outcome measures: patient outcomes

From: Short- and long-term effects of a quality improvement collaborative on diabetes management

Intermediate outcome indicators

Baseline

Short term

(one year follow up)

Long term

(two years follow up)

Medical record

( n = 1,861)

Intervention

(SD)

Control

(SD)

Intervention

(SD)

Control

(SD)

Intervention

(SD)

Control

(SD)

Mean HbA1C mmol/l (SD)

7.5

(1.3)

7.5

(1.2)

7.3

(1.2)

7.4

(1.2)

7.2

(1.2)

7.2

(1.2)

Mean systolic blood pressure

mm Hg (SD)

143.3

(19.2)

143.4

(17.2)

141.6

(18.1)

141.6

(16.5)

139.3

(17.4)

141.8*

(16.5)

Mean diastolic blood pressure

mm Hg (SD)

80.4

(8.8)

80.2

(8.9)

79.3

(8.8)

78.9

(8.6)

78.5

(9.1)

78.7

(8.6)

Mean cholesterol

4.9

(0.9)

4.9

(1.1)

4.6

(0.9)

4.6

(0.9)

4.4

(0.9)

4.5

(0.9)

Mean HDL

1.3

(0.4)

1.3

(0.4)

1.3

(0.4)

1.3

(0.4)

1.4

(0.4)

1.3**

(0.4)

Mean LDL

2.8

(0.9)

2.9

(0.9)

2.7

(0.9)

2.6

(2.0)

2.5

(0.8)

2.6

(2.0)

Mean BMI

29.7

(5.6)

29.6

(4.9)

29.7

(5.3)

29.5

(4.9)

29.9

(5.5)

29.7

(4.9)

Mean triglycerides

1.9

(1.1)

1.9

(1.3)

1.8

(1.1)

1.8

(1.1)

1.7

(1.1)

1.8

(1.1)

Nonsmokers (in percentages)

83.5

 

83.3

 

84.5

 

84.9

 

83.7

 

85.7

 
  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001
  2. BMI, Body mass index; HDL = high density lipoprotein; LDL = low density lipoprotein
  3. Patient outcome scores are presented as unadjusted.
  4. P value is for testing the difference between intervention and control arm at baseline and one year follow up respectively baseline and two yearsfollow up using a mixed logistic model for dichotomous outcomes, and a mixed regression model for continuous outcomes adjusting for baseline scores.