From: The BARRIERS scale -- the barriers to research utilization scale: A systematic review
Authors, year, country | Number of factors identified (no. of items included in the solution) Cronbach's alpha values of the factors | Variance accounted for by the factors % | Methods used |
---|---|---|---|
Funk et al. 1991, USA | 4 (28) in both samples 0.65-0.80 | 43.4 respectively 44.9 | Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation |
Shaffer, 1994, USA | Several possible solutions were identified | Â | Not reported |
Dunn et al. 1998, UK | The Funk model not appropriate | Â | Confirmatory factor analyses (structural equation modeling) |
Retsas and Nolan, 1999, Australia | 3 (26) | 38.9 | PCA with varimax rotation |
Retsas, 2000, Australia | 4 (29) 0.68-0.85 | 46.5 | PCA with varimax rotation |
Marsh et al. 2001, UK | 4 (27 resp 24) The items loaded inconsistently on the four factors (two samples). Impossible to interpret the factors | Â | PCA followed by confirmatory factor analysis |
Closs and Bryar, 2001, UK | 4 (23) 0.66-0.79 | 47.5 | PCA with varimax rotation |
Sommer, 2003, USA | 8, 4, and 3 factors were possible solutions | Â | Not reported |
Hutchinson and Johnston, 2004, Australia | 4 (27) 0.54-0.74 | 39.2 | PCA |
Kirshbaum et al. 2004, UK | 3 | Â | Least squares extraction with varimax rotation |
Nilsson Kajermo, 2004, Sweden | 4 (27) 0.90-0.96 | 45.3 | PCA with varimax rotation |
Ashley, 2005, USA | 4 (29) | Not reported | PCA with varimax rotation |
Mehrdad et al. 2008, Iran | 4 (31) | 46.5 | PCA |