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Table 2 Adjusted register-derived process and clinical outcome data results for intervention and control groups. Odds ratios are estimates of the difference between intervention and control practices at follow-up, adjusting for differences at baseline and a systematic difference between registers.

From: A pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial of a Diabetes REcall And Management system: the DREAM trial

 

Control Practices

Intervention Practices

 

Measures

Baseline

Follow-up

Baseline

Follow-up

 

Attendance

    

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Proportion of patients with at least one appointment

73.4%

67.7%

74.3%

81.7%

2.00* (1.02, 3.91)

Mean number of appointments

1.23

1.35

1.29

2.02

Relative Risk 1.26 (0.87, 1.81)

Process of care

     

Fundoscopy recorded

49.5%

50.5%

43.1%

60.6%

1.45 (0.88, 2.40)

Feet examination recorded

46.1%

48.8%

48.0%

67.3%

1.87*(1.09, 3.21)

Dietary advice recorded

19.9%

29.2%

25.3%

46.3%

2.77*(1.22, 6.29)

Smoking status recorded

34.2%

48.0%

36.9%

66.0%

2.43*(1.18, 5.00)

Was subject a smoker?

19.3%

19.6%

20.7%

21.4%

0.72 (0.38, 1.37)

BP recorded

59.3%

48.3%

55.3%

71.4%

2.14*(1.06, 4.36)

HbA1c recorded

64.0%

66.0%

60.9%

79.0%

1.58 (0.81, 3.08)

Cholesterol recorded

57.0%

61.1%

53.3%

78.0%

1.66 (0.89, 3.12)

Creatinine recorded

48.0%

60.4%

53.0%

73.4%

1.36 (0.72, 2.52)

Albumin:creatinine ratio recorded

26.8%

29.7%

30.2%

40.4%

1.60(0.98, 2.60)

Clinical

    

Difference

Mean most recent systolic blood pressure

144.5

144.6

145.8

144.2

-1.56 (-4.54, 1.42)

Mean most recent diastolic blood pressure

80.2

78.1

79.2

77.8

-0.40 (-1.78, 0.97)

Mean most recent HbA1c#

7.56

7.35

7.75

7.32

-0.04 (-0.18, 0.10)

Mean most recent cholesterol#

5.27

5.06

5.23

4.94

-0.15**(-0.25, -0.06)

Mean most recent creatinine#

93.1

96.1

91.8

95.7

0.21 (-1.27, 1.70)

Mean most recent albumin:creatinine ratio#

8.99

8.45

8.48

8.05

-1.6 (-4.4, 1.2)

Diabetes medication

    

Relative risk (95% CI)

Biguanide, Sulphonylurea or Thiazol

944 (49.0%)

1128 (58.5%)

646 (38.9%)

923 (55.5%)

1.06 (0.94, 1.19)

Metformin

424 (22.0%)

573 (29.7%))

343 (20.6%

530 (31.9)

1.07 (0.81, 1.41)

Insulin

57 (3.0%)

75 (3.9%)

54 (3.2%)

75 (4.5%)

1.15 (0.83, 1.58)

Cardiovascular risk factor drugs

     

Aspirin

10 (0.5%)

164 (8.5%)

34 (2.0%)

308 (18.5%)

2.08* (1.00, 4.32)

Ace Inhibitor

17 (0.9%)

103 (5.3%)

31 (1.9%)

185 (11.1%)

2.03* (1.08, 3.78)

ACE inhibitor or Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist

21 (1.1%)

109 (5.7%)

38 (2.3%)

192 (11.6%)

1.86* (1.03, 3.38)

Any antihypertensive

118 (6.1%)

274 (14.2%)

131 (7.9%)

415 (25.0%)

1.89*(1.16, 3.08)

Lipid-lowering

110 (5.7%)

290 (15.0%)

79 (4.8%)

418 (25.2%)

1.66 (0.99, 2.79)

Any medication

1674 (86.9%)

1838 (95.4%)

1283 (77.2%)

1549 (93.2%)

1.01 (0.94, 1.08)

  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  2. # Data downloaded into register database directly from hospital laboratory information system.