Trial | Treatment (mg/day) andFollow-up Duration | Key Eligibility Criteria | Number of Patients | Mean Age (yrs) | % Change in LDL-c | Relative Risk Reduction, Mortality and MI (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4S [2] | Simvastatin 20 mg for 5.4 yrs (median) | 35–70 yrs, prior angina or AMI, fasting total cholesterol 5.5–8.0 mmol/L | 4444 | 58.6 | -35% | 30% (15% to 42%) and 27% (20% to 34%) |
LIPID [3] | Pravastatin 40 mg for 6.1 yrs (mean) | 31–75 yrs, prior AMI or unstable angina, fasting total cholesterol 4 – 7 mmol/L | 9014 | 62 | -25% | 22% (13% to 31%) and 29% (18% to 38%) |
CARE [4] | Pravastatin 40 mg for 5.0 yrs (median) | 21–75 yrs, prior AMI, fasting LDL cholesterol 3.0–4.5 mmol/L | 4159 | 59 | -28% | 9% (-12% to 26%) and 25% (8% to 39%) |
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study[5] | Simvastatin 40 mg for 5.0 yrs (mean) | 40–80 yrs, increased risk of CV death (due to known atherosclerotic disease, or diabetes, or hypertension with other CV risks) | 20 536 | NR | -29% | 13% (6% to 19%) and 27% (21% to 33%) |
MIRACL [6] | Atorvastatin 80 mg for 16 weeks (mean) | 18 – 77 yrs, ACS, screening cholesterol <7.0 mmol | 3086 | 65 | -52% | 6% (-31% to 33%) and 10% (-16% to 31) |
LIPS [7] | Fluvastatin 80 mg for 3.9 yrs (median) | 18 – 80 yrs, after percutaneous intervention, screening cholesterol 3.5–7.0 mmol | 1677 | 60 | -27% | 31% (17% to -14%) and 19% (62% to -24%) |
PROSPER[8] | Pravastatin 40 mg for 3.2 yrs (mean) | 70–82 yrs, with vascular disease or at high risk, screening cholesterol 4.0–9.0 mmol/L | 5804 | 75 | -34% | 3% (17% to -14%) and 14% (-3% to +28%)1 |
ASCOT [9] | Atorvastatin 10 mg for 3.3 yrs (median) | 40–79 yrs, hypertension plus >3 other cardiovascular risk factors, screening cholesterol ≤ 6.5 mmol/L | 10 305 | 63 | -35% | 13% (29% to -6%) and 36% (17% to 50%) |
PROVE IT-TIMI 22 [10] | Atorvastatin 80 mg vs. Pravastatin 40 mg for 2.0 yrs (mean) | > 18 yrs, ACS, screening cholesterol ≤ 6.21 mmol/L or 5.18 mmol/L if on lipid lowering therapy | 4162 | 58.3 | Atorva: -42% Prava: -10% | 28% (-2% to +50%) and 13% (-8% to 32%)1 |
TNT [11] | Atorvastatin 80 mg vs. Atorvastatin 10 mg for 4.9 yrs (median) | 35–75 yrs, stable CAD, LDL-c < 3.4 mmol/L | 10 001 | 61 | Atorva 80 mg: -21% Atorva 20 mg: no change | -1% (-19% to +15%) and 22% (7% to 34%)1 |
IDEAL [12] | Atorvastatin 80 mg vs. Simvastatin 20 mg for 4.8 yrs (median) | 18–80 years, prior AMI | 8888 | 62 | Atorva : -34% Simva : -17% | 2% (-13% to 15%) and 17% (2% to 29%)1 |
ALLHAT-LLT [15] | Pravastatin 40 mg for 4.8 yrs (mean) | Hypertension, older than 55 years, at least one other cardiac risk factor and LDL-c 3.1–4.9 mmol/L without known CAD or 2.6–3.3 with known CAD | 10 355 | 66 | -17% | 1% (-11% to +11%) and 9% (-4% to +21%) |